Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

Which statement is true regarding thermoregulation in neonates?

1. Heat production results from aerobic metabolism

2. Heat transfer is increased to the skin surface

3. Non-shivering thermogenesis is dependent on availability of glucose

4. Neonates generate heat primarily through shivering

The correct answer is: Non-shivering thermogenesis is dependent on availability of glucose

The statement regarding thermoregulation in neonates that is true is that non-shivering thermogenesis is dependent on availability of glucose. In neonates, particularly preterm infants, the mechanism of non-shivering thermogenesis is crucial for maintaining body temperature. This process primarily occurs in brown adipose tissue, where the breakdown of glucose and fatty acids produces heat without muscle contractions, which is considered shivering. Non-shivering thermogenesis in neonates plays a vital role because they have a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, making them more susceptible to hypothermia. The availability of glucose is critical during this process since it serves as a primary energy source for the metabolic activity required to generate heat. When glucose levels are adequate, neonates can efficiently produce heat to maintain their core temperature, which is essential for their overall health and development. Understanding the physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation, especially the reliance on available energy sources like glucose in non-shivering thermogenesis, is key for neonatal care, particularly regarding the prevention of hypothermia in vulnerable infant populations.