Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

What is an important consideration for the care of infants with congenital heart defects?

1. Immediate surgery is always required

2. Observation is sufficient for all cases

3. Close monitoring for cyanosis is essential

4. Parental education is not necessary

The correct answer is: Close monitoring for cyanosis is essential

Close monitoring for cyanosis is essential for infants with congenital heart defects because cyanosis indicates a lack of adequate oxygenation in the blood. Infants with these conditions can experience varying degrees of oxygen saturation impairment, which can lead to serious complications. Monitoring helps healthcare providers detect changes in the infant's condition early, allowing for timely interventions to prevent hypoxic damage or escalation of the defect. In managing congenital heart defects, the presence of cyanosis can signal issues such as shunting of blood, poor perfusion, or heart failure, necessitating immediate attention. Healthcare professionals must observe not just the color of the skin but also the infant's overall behavior, feeding patterns, and growth to assess the severity of the defect and the effectiveness of any treatments. Other options do not prioritize an essential aspect of monitoring and care. Immediate surgery is not always required for all congenital heart defects, as some conditions may be managed initially with medical therapy or observation. Similarly, observation alone is insufficient in cases where there is a risk of acute deterioration. Parental education plays a crucial role in understanding the condition, recognizing signs of distress such as cyanosis, and knowing when to seek help, making it a vital component of the overall care plan.