Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Practice Exam

In which scenario is postmaturity most likely to occur?

1. Neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes

2. Pregnancies that go beyond 42 weeks

3. Neonates with low birth weight

4. Mothers who are underweight during pregnancy

The correct answer is: Pregnancies that go beyond 42 weeks

Postmaturity refers to a situation where a pregnancy extends beyond 42 weeks of gestation. In this scenario, the risk of postmaturity significantly increases as the normal duration of a pregnancy is typically between 37 to 42 weeks. Beyond this period, the risks associated with the condition, such as decreased placental function, can lead to complications for both the mother and the neonate. In pregnancies that go beyond 42 weeks, there is a greater likelihood of issues such as meconium staining, oligohydramnios, and potential fetal distress due to decreased nutrient and oxygen supply. This can also lead to a higher risk of stillbirth. While conditions such as gestational diabetes or maternal underweight status can influence pregnancy outcomes, they do not directly correlate with the definition of postmaturity. Neonates born to mothers with low birth weight may have different complications related to prematurity or other factors unrelated to being postmature. Thus, scenarios involving an extension of pregnancy beyond the typical period are where postmaturity is most prevalent and concerning.